![]() 8-bit: 256 colours (most PC games in the early ‘90s).4-bit: Sixteen colours (most games in the ‘80s used 4-bit graphics).1-bit (monochrome): Two colours (normally black and white) are available.Here are the ones you should learn as a starting point: There are many colour depth standards available. Lower PPI values result in a screen with visible divisions between pixels and a less sharp image. Larger numbers of pixels per inch result in a sharper image that can display more fine detail. Sharpness: In these cases, the resolution will be expressed in terms of the number of pixels per inch (PPI).For example, a Full HD screen is 1960 x 1080 pixels. Total number of pixels: In these cases, the resolution is expressed as the width in pixels and the height in pixels.Screen resolution: The number of physical pixels available in a display.Lower resolution images require less storage but at a lower quality. Higher resolution images contain more data and are sharper and/or can be displayed at a larger size. Image resolution: The width and height of the image, measured in pixels (e.g.Bitmap header: An area at the start of a bitmap file containing the height and width of the image (in pixels), the colour depth, and a declaration that the image is a bitmap image (rather than a different file format).Lower colour depth will reduce the image quality, with noticeable bands of colour where similar colours in the original image have been assigned the same colour during the encoding process, but the image will require less storage. A higher colour depth results in a higher quality image where the pixels are encoded with colours very close to the original image. Colour depth is expressed in terms of either the number of bits per pixel, or the number of colours in the palette. Colour depth: The number of possible colours that could be assigned to a pixel in the image.Bitmap graphic: A digital image made up of rows of pixels, displayed together in the correct order.the first pixel in the bitmap file is displayed in the top-left of the image, and the last pixel is displayed in the bottom-right). It has a colour, which is encoded in binary, and a location, which is determined by its order in the bitmap file (i.e. Pixel: Short for picture element, the smallest addressable part of a bitmap image.To encode an entire image in binary, the RGB values for each pixel are converted to binary, and stored together in the order that they will be displayed, starting with the top-left pixel row by row until the entire image has been stored.īefore we move on, it’s worth covering the key terms used in bitmap images: This can be seen in the colour picker included in software such as Microsoft Office:Īn RGB value of 0, 0, 0 would correspond to black, and a value of 255, 255, 255 would be white. This means that we require 24 bits per pixel. The most common standard is to use 8 bits to give us a range of 0-255 for each of the red, green, and blue values. This colour encoding scheme is known as RGB. Any colour can be made by mixing these three colours in differing intensities. brightness) value for three channels, which correspond with the three primary colours of light: red, green, and blue. ![]() When displayed together in the proper arrangement, these pixels form an image.Įach pixel’s colour is stored using the intensity (i.e. The pixel is the smallest part of an image that can be stored and displayed by the computer. Each pixel has a colour and a location, and they are arranged in a grid (called the raster). A bitmap image is made up of small dots called pixels (short for picture elements). ![]()
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